How does a double bass sound in relation to a standard bass?

A double bass sounds one octave lower than a standard bass. This is primarily due to the construction and tuning of the double bass. It is tuned to the lowest notes of the string family, usually E1, which is one octave lower than the E of a standard bass instrument like a bass guitar, typically tuned to E2. The fundamental frequencies produced by the double bass are in a much lower range, contributing to its rich, deep sound that underpins orchestral and ensemble music.

In contrast to other instruments, the range of the double bass allows it to serve as a foundational bass line in various musical settings, anchoring harmonies and providing depth. The distinct tuning and physical size of the double bass compared to standard bass instruments are what create this characteristic difference in pitch.