What does "Arco" mean in the context of string instruments?

In the context of string instruments, "Arco" specifically means to play with the bow. This term is used to instruct the performer to use the bow to produce sound on instruments like the violin, viola, cello, or double bass. "Arco" is often used in contrast to "pizzicato," which directs players to pluck the strings with their fingers instead of using the bow. The clear distinction is important for musicians to understand the desired playing technique for different sections of a piece.

The term does not imply stopping playing or changing the tempo, as those concepts are generally conveyed through other specific musical terms. Understanding these instructions is crucial for effectively interpreting the music and performing it correctly.