What does 'Con sordino' refer to in music performance?

'Con sordino' is a term used in music to indicate that a performer should use a mute on their instrument. This specific instruction directs the musician to alter the sound produced, typically resulting in a softer, more subdued tone. In orchestral and ensemble settings, applying a mute often creates a particular sound texture that can enhance the musical interpretation.

For example, string players may use a mute to dampen the vibrations of the strings, leading to a quieter and more delicate sound, which can be particularly effective in lyrical passages. Similarly, brass players might use a mute to change the quality of their sound, adding variety to their performance.

This term does not pertain to the inclusion of extra notes, speed of performance, or dynamics, which are described by different terminology in musical notation and practice. The focus on muting is essential for creating the intended emotional effect in the music, making 'con sordino' a vital term for performers to understand and execute accurately.