What does "senza" indicate in a musical score?

The term "senza" is an Italian word that translates to "without" in English. In musical notation, it instructs the performer to play or sing without a specific element, which may refer to a certain instrument, dynamic, or technique that is typically present. For example, "senza legato" would mean to play without legato. This instruction can significantly affect the interpretation and execution of the music, guiding musicians on how to shape their performance. Recognizing such terms is essential for performers to accurately convey the composer’s intentions.